Correction and Retraction Policy

JPT is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. JPT follows relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when issuing corrections, Expressions of Concern, retractions, or content-removal notices. These actions are intended to correct the scholarly record and protect readers, not primarily to punish authors.

Corrections

JPT may publish a correction when an error affects the accuracy, clarity, or interpretation of an article but does not invalidate its main findings.

A Publisher Correction may be issued for errors introduced during editing, typesetting, metadata preparation, or publication. An Author Correction may be issued for an honest error originating from the authors. Substantive corrections will be published as separate notices and linked to the original articles. Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect meaning may be corrected without a separate notice. Corrections must not be used to introduce new results or substantially change the original conclusions.

Expressions of Concern

JPT may publish an Expression of Concern when credible concerns have been raised about a published article but available evidence is insufficient or an investigation is still ongoing. The notice will identify the article, explain the unresolved concern, and be linked to the original article. It may later be followed by a correction, retraction, or notice that the concern has been resolved.

Retractions

JPT may retract an article when reliable evidence shows that its findings, ethical basis, authorship, or publication process is seriously unreliable or compromised. Reasons for retraction may include:

• fabrication, falsification, or serious manipulation of data or images;
• a major error that makes the findings unreliable;
• plagiarism or serious unattributed use of intellectual material;
• duplicate or redundant publication;
• unethical research or the absence of required ethical approval, informed consent, permits, or regulatory authorization;
• seriously misrepresented authorship;
• submission or publication without the approval of legitimate authors;
• manipulated peer review or false reviewer identities;
• serious undisclosed competing interests;
• paper-mill activity;
• serious copyright infringement; or
• another major breach of research or publication integrity.

Retraction may result from misconduct or an honest error. When the evidence permits, the retraction notice will distinguish between these circumstances. Retraction will not normally be used when a correction is sufficient.

Editorial Procedure

Concerns may be reported by authors, reviewers, readers, institutions, funding organizations, or other parties. JPT may request explanations, original data, images, research records, ethical approvals, permits, or other supporting documents. The journal may also consult independent experts or contact the relevant institution, ethics committee, funder, or competent authority.

Authors will normally be given an opportunity to respond. However, JPT may retract an article without the agreement of all authors when necessary to protect the scholarly record. Cases involving the Editor-in-Chief or another editor will be handled by an independent editor or representative appointed by the publisher. Suspected misconduct will be handled in accordance with JPT’s Allegations of Misconduct Policy

Retraction Notices and Article Status

A retraction notice will:

• identify the retracted article;
• include its title, authors, citation, and DOI;
• state who is retracting the article;
• explain the reason for retraction;
• distinguish honest error from misconduct when established;
• be freely accessible; and
• be linked to the original article.

The original article will normally remain accessible to preserve the publication record. Its webpage and PDF will be clearly marked RETRACTED, and the DOI and bibliographic record will be retained. JPT will not silently delete or replace a retracted article.

Removal of Published Content

Complete removal will be considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as:

• a binding legal requirement;
• a serious infringement of privacy or confidentiality;
• defamatory or unlawful content; or
• a serious and immediate risk to public, agricultural, environmental, or biosecurity safety.

When removal is necessary, an explanatory notice will remain accessible whenever legally possible.

Preservation and Related Policies

Correction notices, Expressions of Concern, retraction notices, and removal notices form part of JPT’s permanent scholarly record and will be preserved in accordance with JPT’s Archiving and Repository Policy. The payment or waiver of an Article Processing Charge has no influence on any post-publication decision.

Concerns regarding published articles may be submitted through email: jpt@agr.unand.ac.id